Proposal for ex vivo simulation models of rabbit versus 3D to reproduce the laparoscopic gastrostomy technique

INTRODUCTION: In order for the surgeon to perform a laparoscopic gastrostomy, he/she must have outstanding skills, therefore, laparoscopic simulators are an essential tool. They are also based on ex vivo, inanimate and virtual reality models. Objetive: To compare simulation models (ex vivo and 3D) to reproduce the laparoscopic gastrostomy technique in the training of novice surgeons at the University Hospital of Caracas.
METHODS: A prospective study was conducted, which included the participation of 8 surgeons, who reproduced the proposed technique through 10 practical sessions in both models. The time of each practice was timed and expert surgeons evaluated the exercises using the GOALS scale. Descriptive calculations of the variables were performed and compared using the Student T test. A value was considered significant if p<0.05.
RESULTS: The proposed technique was reproduced in both models. In addition, as the practices progressed, the performance time decreased and the score on the GOALS scale increased, with a slightly higher score in the ex vivo model. On the other hand, the execution time was longer in the 3D model practices.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In both simulation models, the steps were recreated authentically, and they also allowed the acquisition of skills in advanced laparoscopic surgery. The ex vivo model provided greater comfort to the surgeons, but tissue quality is an essential factor and the 3D model was technically more difficult, but proved to be more accessible and cost-effective compared to the ex vivo model.

Keywords: 3D model, ex vivo model, GOALS scale, laparoscopic gastrostomy